7 ply tires

How to understand tire ply ratings and what they mean.

At one time, you could gauge a tire’s construction and load-carrying capabilities by the number of plies or layers used to make the tire. The days of counting the number of plies may be gone, but the idea lives on in the Tire Ply Rating. Here’s what those ratings mean and how to get the right tires for your needs.

What Is a Tire Ply?

In the early and mid part of the 20th century, cotton fibers were used in tires to add strength. Those fibers ran at a specific angle to the tread to make bias-ply and radial tires. Steel wires would eventually replace the cotton. However, the number of plies (or layers) in a tire was still counted and used to determine its load-carrying capacity when fully inflated.

Fast forward to today, and tire plies are manufactured with rubberized textile cords wrapped under the beads of the tire. This design makes it possible to use fewer plies and layers to achieve equal or greater strength. That’s why we use the term Ply Rating. This information can also be indicated as Load Range.

Where to Find Tire Ply Information

You’ll find the information about a tire’s Ply Rating on the tire’s sidewall. You’re looking for the Construction Type or Load Range (D in the image below).

While Load Range and Ply are used interchangeably, you’ll need the chart in our article Using Load Index and Load Range to Pick the Right Tires to pinpoint the ply rating that corresponds to a Load Range of A – F.

LOAD RANGE	PLY RATING
A	2
B	4
C	6
D	8
E	10
F	12

When referring to the first chart in the article, you’ll notice the Load Index. This number correlates to the maximum safe carrying capacity of the tire when it’s inflated to its maximum pressure. Higher load index ratings mean your tires may be able to handle a heavier load.

If you don’t see a Load Range or Ply Rating, you might find the letters P (passenger rated, which is 4-ply rated or lower), LT (light truck, which is 6-ply rated or higher), or XL (extra load is typically 4-ply rated with a higher-than-standard Load Index) stamped on the tires.

If you drive a cargo van (such as a Ford Transit), you may see the letter C, which on these particular tires stands for “cargo” at the end of your tire size. This is not to be confused with a 6-ply rated tire. Refer to the Load Index for your vehicle to ensure you get the proper tires. If you’re not sure, stop by Les Schwab.

Les Schwab Understands Tire Ply Ratings and Load Index

You can always leave the Tire Ply Ratings, Load Indexes and Load Ranges to the pros at Les Schwab. We’ll show you the best tires for your vehicle and needs. Schedule an appointment that works for you or stop by your local Les Schwab and we’ll help you out.

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Load Range Vs. Load Index

When looking for new tires, you may come across the terms load range and load index. What do they mean? What information do they tell you about the tire? Here's what you should know about load range vs. load index.

Ply Rating and Load Range

Load range describes how much weight a tire can carry and is based on an older measurement called ply rating. Tires are made from rubber and cord layers called plies. In the past, more plies gave a tire a higher load-carrying capacity, so the number of plies was listed on the tire to show how much weight it could handle.

Now, tires are made from fewer, stronger plies, so the load range has replaced the ply rating. Load range defines a tire's toughness and maximum allowable air pressure and is represented by a letter listed on the side of your tire. Tires with a higher load range can handle heavier loads.

As an example, a C load range indicates a tire that is made with one or two plies that have the equivalent strength of 6 plies. Many load ranges are separated into two categories to further explain their maximum load-carrying tire pressure. For example, C1 and C2 are both 6-ply rated. However, C1 has a maximum air pressure of 50 PSI, while C2 has a maximum air pressure of 35 PSI.

Tires on smaller vehicles like coupes, sedans, minivans, and crossovers usually aren't marked with a load rating because they have a standard 4-ply rating and don't need higher load-carrying capabilities. However, they may be marked as Extra Load (XL or Reinforced) or Standard Load (SL). While both have a 4-ply rating, the Extra Load can support an additional load at up to 42 PSI. The Standard Load is 36 PSI.

You should have one of the tire experts at Mavis Discount Tire Tire ensure your tires are properly rated to support the weight of your vehicle.

This chart notes load ranges with their ply ratings and max load carrying air pressure.

Load Range and Ply Rating
Load Range	Ply Rating	Max Load Carrying Air Pressure
Standard Load (SL)	4	36 PSI
Extra Load (XL)	4	42 PSI
C1	6	50 PSI
C2	6	35 PSI
D1	8	65 PSI
D2	8	50 PSI
E1	10	80 PSI
E2	10	65 PSI
F1	12	95 PSI
G	14	110 PSI

Load Carrying Capacity and Load Index

Load index is a number on the tire's sidewall that explicitly indicates the maximum load a tire can carry. Since the load range focuses mostly on a tire's construction, the load index is a more precise method of measurement.

The load index number represents a tire's carrying capacity when inflated to its maximum load sustaining pressure and further explains the tire load range measurement by adding more specifics to the rating. Most cars and light trucks have load index values ranging from 70-124.

You can use this chart to find your tire's load-bearing capacity.

Load Index and Carrying Capacity
Load Index	Carrying Capacity (lbs)	Load Index	Carrying Capacity (lbs)	Load Index	Carrying Capacity (lbs)
0	99	50	419	100	1764
1	102	51	430	101	1819
2	105	52	441	102	1874
3	107	53	454	103	1929
4	110	54	467	104	1984
5	114	55	481	105	2039
6	117	56	494	106	2094
7	120	57	507	107	2149
8	123	58	520	108	2205
9	128	59	536	109	2271
10	132	60	551	110	2337
11	136	61	567	111	2403
12	139	62	584	112	2469
13	143	63	600	113	2535
14	148	64	617	114	2601
15	152	65	639	115	2679
16	157	66	639	116	2756
17	161	67	677	117	2833
18	165	68	694	118	2910
19	171	69	716	119	2998
20	176	70	739	120	3086
21	182	71	761	121	3197
22	187	72	783	122	3307
23	193	73	805	123	3417
24	198	74	827	124	3527
25	204	75	852	125	3638
26	209	76	882	126	3748
27	215	77	908	127	3858
28	220	78	937	128	3968
29	227	79	963	129	4079
30	234	80	992	130	4189
31	240	81	1019	131	4289
32	247	82	1047	132	4409
33	254	83	1074	133	4541
34	260	84	1102	134	4674
35	267	85	1135	135	4806
36	276	86	1168	136	4938
37	282	87	1201	137	5071
38	291	88	1235	138	5203
39	300	89	1279	139	5357
40	309	90	1323	140	5512
41	320	91	1356	141	5677
42	331	92	1389	142	5842
43	342	93	1433	143	6008
44	353	94	1477	144	6173
45	364	95	1521	145	6393
46	375	96	1565	146	6614
47	386	97	1609	147	6779
48	397	98	1653	148	6844
49	408	99	1709	149	7165
				150	7385

Get New Tires in Central Florida

Need new tires? Mavis Discount Tire Tire has locations around you to help you get the tires you need for your vehicle. You'll find a convenient Mavis Discount Tire Tire location with friendly experts to help you choose the right tires for your budget, vehicle, and driving style. Contact your nearest location to schedule an appointment today!

Tires. Types and dimensions of truck tires

Tire models	Load index (kg)	Speed ​​index (km/h)	Drawing type	Busbar
425/85 R21 18 layer
NorTec TR 184-1	156 (4,000)	J (100)	enhanced cross	single busbar
NorTec TR 1260	156 (4,000)	G(90)	cross-country	single busbar
NorTec TR 1260-1	156 (4,000)	J(100)	cross-country	single busbar
FORWARD TRACTION 1260	156 (4,000)	G(90)	cross-country	single busbar
KAMA 1260	156 (4,000)	G(90)	cross-country	single busbar
KAMA 1260-1	156 (4,000)	G(90)	cross-country	single busbar
KAMA 1260-2	156 (4,000)	J(100)	cross-country	single busbar
425/85 R21 20 layer
NorTec TR 184-1	160 (4500)	J(100)	cross-country	single busbar
425/65 R22. 5
ANNAITE 716	165 (5 150)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
445/65 R22.5
Barum BS49	169 (5 800)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
385/65 R22.5
Tyrex All Steel I TR-1	160 (4500)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
Cordiant Professional TR-1	160 (4500)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
CROSS STAR POWERTRAC 160L TL	160 (4500)	L (120)	road universal	single busbar
Onyx HO 107	160 (4500)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
Continental HTR	160 (4500)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
Triangle TR697	160 (4 500)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
Kama NT 701	160 (4500)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
Kama NT 201	160 (4500)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
14. 00 R20
Triangle TRY66	164 (5,000)	G (90)	road / off road universal	single busbar (single busbar SHACMAN 6x6)
	161 (4 625)
Continental HCS	164 (5,000)	K (110)	road / off road universal	single busbar
	160 (4500)			double busbar
OI-25	147 (3 075)	G(90)	cross-country	single busbar
12.00 R20
Forward Traction 75	154 (3 750)	J (100)	road universal	single busbar
	149 (3 250)			double busbar
VI-243	154 (3 750)	G (90)	road universal	single busbar
	149 (3 250)			double busbar
ID-304	154 (3 750)	J (100)	road universal	single busbar
	149 (3 250)			double busbar
IYA-241	154 (3 750)	J (100)	road universal	single busbar
	149(3 250)			double busbar
Kama-701	154 (3 750)	F (80)	road universal	single busbar
	150 (3 350)			double busbar
11. 00 R20
Forward Traction 310	150 (3 350)	K (110)	road universal	single busbar
	146 (3,000)			double busbar
I-111A	150 (3 350)	K (110)	road universal	single busbar
	146 (3,000)			double busbar
10.00 R20
Altayshina OI-73B	146 (3,000)	K (110)	road universal	single busbar
	143 (2 725)			double busbar
Forward Traction 281	146 (3,000)	K (110)	road universal	single busbar
	143 (2 725)			double busbar
315/80 R22. 5
CORDIANT PROFESSIONAL FR-1	156 (4,000)	L (120)	road universal	single busbar
	150 (3 350)			double busbar
TYREX VM-1	156 (4,000)	K (110)	road universal	single busbar
	150 (3 350)			double busbar
ONYX HO102	156 (4,000)	K (110)	road universal	single busbar
	150 (3 350)			double busbar
235/75 R17.5
Cordiant Professional TR-1	132 (2000)	J (100)	road universal	single busbar
	130 (1900)			double busbar
Triangle TR685	143 (2 725)	J (100)	road universal	single busbar
	141 (2575)			double busbar
385/65 R22. 5
Cordiant Professional TR-1	160 (4500)	K(110)	road universal	single busbar
395/85 R20
Continental HCS	160 (5 600)	J(100)	cross-country	single busbar

Tire marking

Options for designating the dimension of the tire

Speed ​​index

High -loading tire load

9000 INS KG INS KG 140 2500 166 5 300 141 2575 167 5 450 142 2650 168 5600 143 2725 169 5 800 144 2800 170 6000 145 2900 171 6 150 146 3000 172 6 300 147 3075 173 6 500 148 3 150 174 6 700 149 3 250 175 6 900 150 3 350 176 7 100 151 3450 177 7 300 152 3550 178 7 500 153 3650 179 7 750 154 3 750 180 8000 155 3 875 181 8 250 156 4000 182 8 500 157 4 125 183 8 750 158 4 250 184 9000 159 4 375 185 9 250 160 4 500 186 9 500 161 4625 187 9 750 162 4 750 188 10 000 163 4 875 189 10 300 164 5,000 190 10 600 165 5 150

Load capacity versus speed

Speed, km/h	Load capacity change, %						Pressure change, %
	Speed ​​symbol
	F	G	J	K	L	M
Static	+150. 0	+150.0	+150.0	+150.0	+150.0	+150.0	40
2	+110.0	+110.0	+110.0	+110.0	+110.0	+110.0	40
10	+180.0	+180.0	+180.0	+180.0	+180.0	+180.0	30
15	+65.0	+65.0	+65.0	+65.0	+65.0	+65.0	25
20	+50.0	+50.0	+50.0	+50.0	+50.0	+50.0	21
25	+35.0	+35.0	+35.0	+35.0	+35.0	+35.0	17
30	+25.0	+25.0	+25.0	+25.0	+25.0	+25.0	13
35	+19. 0	+19.0	+19.0	+19.0	+19.0	+19.0	11
40	+15.0	+15.0	+15.0	+15.0	+15.0	+15.0	10
45	+13.0	+13.0	+13.0	+13.0	+13.0	+13.0	9
50	+12.0	+12.0	+12.0	+12.0	+12.0	+12.0	8
55	+11.0	+11.0	+11.0	+11.0	+11.0	+11.0	7
60	+10.0	+10.0	+10.0	+10.0	+10.0	+10.0	6
65	+7.5	+8.5	+8.5	+8.5	+8.5	+8.5	4
70	+5.0	+7.0	+7. 0	+7.0	+7.0	+7.0	2
75	+2.5	+5.5	+5.5	+5.5	+5.5	+5.5	1
80	0	+4	+4	+4	+4	+4	0
85		+2.0	+3.0	+3.0	+3.0	+3.0	0
90		0	+2.0	+2.0	+2.0	+2.0	0
95			+1.0	+1.0	+1.0	+1.0	0
100			0	0	0	0	0
110				0	0	0	0
120					0	0	0
130						0	0

Contact us! We are always happy to help you!!!!!

Best regards, Ural ST LLC

Truck tires: selection features

27. 02.2013

Truck tires: selection features

The problem of choosing the right truck tires is not only related to the wear resistance of the tire tread. With the modern development of the rubber industry, this indicator for many models of Chinese-made "rollers" meets strict requirements. However, if the operating rules are violated, even branded wheels do not leave even half of the season. Therefore, unlike passenger tires, the main issues of competent configuration are on which axle, driving or driven, the tire will be used, in what climatic and speed conditions. You should also consider the type of transport. For example, for agricultural vehicles, mining trucks and other types of special equipment, low-speed tires with a high grip rate are most suitable, while the use of this type on road trains traveling at high speed on high-quality asphalt is unacceptable.

Design

There are a lot of structural features of truck tires, but still, two main types are usually distinguished - diagonal and radial. The former are able to withstand colossal physical loads, but their dynamic performance - movement speed and controllability - is much lower compared to radial ones. Therefore, "diagonals" are mainly completed with the chassis of special equipment. They cost less, and some car fleets install two types of tires on a transport unit at the same time in order to save money. And in vain: this approach is highly discouraged by experts!

Tread pattern

Embossed “pattern” on the working surface of truck tires is primarily a signal of their “loyalty” to one or another type of coating. Radial, longitudinal marks on the rubber indicate the adaptability of the wheels to urban conditions, which require high-speed water drainage from under the tread, as well as a low friction index. The second option, the "herringbone", is more universal, because it allows the operation of tires on any type of coating: a freeway, in a village, on a dirt road, and even rough terrain.

Seasonality

Due to the need for improved traction properties, winter tires for trucks differ from summer tires in two ways. Firstly, it has a greater tread depth, thanks to which the wheels successfully fight snow-covered sections of the track. Secondly, winter tires due to chemical additives in the composition of the rubber compound are characterized by softness, which allows them not to “tan” at sub-zero temperatures.

Trucking experts recommend purchasing two sets of truck rollers. With one condition: if the vehicle is operated within the same climatic zone. If the shoulder of the route is large, and the cars often have to cross the borders of several climatic zones, then the best economic effect comes from the use of all-weather tires.

Marking

Basic information about the consumer properties of tires is stamped on the sidewall. Digital data (size, speed index, etc.), regardless of the country of production, is easy to “decipher”. In extreme cases, there are special tables for this. Yes, and the marking of domestic tires today is completely unified with imported designations. For example, the symbol "A" is wheels for high-speed transportation exclusively for general roads, "Y" - construction equipment and general roads, "N" - snow, "E" - intercity, country roads. The letter "T" denotes high-strength tires with low handling, suitable for completing only trailers; "D" - for installation on the leading axle, "Z" - complete 2 or 3 axles. And if you come across the inscription "Energy", then it indicates a reduced coefficient of friction.

Storage instructions

Truck tires with rims can be stacked vertically. The maximum number of products in one should not exceed 5 pieces. It is not necessary to shift, somehow change their position. This operation is obligatory for disassembled wheels, which, when stored horizontally, should sometimes be turned. But in both the first and second cases, they should not be in direct sunlight. If it is cold in the warehouse, then before installing the rubber, it is advisable to warm it up in a warmer room. This will eliminate the possibility of deformation when installing products on disks. Voltyre ", " Omskshina ", " Kama " and others are in no way inferior to their foreign counterparts in their wear resistance, in addition, they are less prone to cuts and punctures. High strength parameters are initially included in the design of domestic products, taking into account the poor quality of roads.

Let's also take into account the fact that Russian plants, Belarusian and Ukrainian plants have mastered the production of solid steel cord tires (SMC tires), although earlier this was the prerogative of purely giants. Competition in the domestic market of the Russian Federation has increased significantly. As a result, starting from 2010, 6 out of 10 tires sold in Russia come from manufacturers from the CIS countries.

As for the expansion of China, there is nothing to be afraid of yet: the consumer does not have much confidence in tires from the Celestial Empire. Even taking into account the fact that you can easily buy 16 and even 18-layer cargo tires. Although, it is worth recognizing, some models are able to withstand up to 250,000 runs, and they are amenable to retreading.

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