Tire fluid chart

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Chart is for a gallon of water weighting approx 8lbs per gallon. Water is not a typical tire fill. Methonal Alchol is a more common fill and weights 6.5lbs per gallon. Other fills like Calcium, Beat Juice, etc can be varying weights.

TIRE SIZE	GALLONS OF WATER	ADDED WEIGHT (lbs.) PER TIRE
4.00-12	2	17
4.00-15	2.5	21
4.00-19	3	25
5.00-15	3.5	29
5.50-16	5	42
6.00-12	4.5	37
6.00-14	5	41
6.00-16	6	50
6.50-16	7	58
7.50-10	6	50
7. 5L-15	8	66
7.50-16	9	75
7.50-18	10	83
7.50-20	11	92
9.00-10	9	75
9.5L-15	11	92
9.50-20	18	150
9.50-24	20	167
10.00-16	17	142
11.00-12	18	150
11L-15	13	108
11.00-16	23	192
11L-16	15	123
14L-16.1	27	225
16.5L-16.1	42	346
7.2-24	9	75
7.50-16	9	75
8.3-24	13	108
9.5-16	12	100
9.5-24	17	142
9. 5-36	25	209
9.5-42	29	242
10-16.5	12	97
11.2-24	24	200
11.2-28	27	225
11.2-34	33	275
11.2-36	35	292
11.2-38	36	300
12.4-16	21	175
12.4-24	30	250
12.4-28	35	292
12.4-36	44	367
12.4-38	46	384
12.4-42	51	425
13.6-24	38	317
13.6-26	40	334
13.6-28	43	359
13.6-38	57	475
14.9-24	47	392
14.9-26	48	400
14. 9-28	53	442
14.9-30	57	475
14.9-36	64	534
14.9-38	67	559
15.5-38	66	550
16.9-24	61	509
16.9-26	65	542
16.9-28	69	575
16.9-30	73	609
16.9-34	82	684
16.9-38	90	751
17.5L-24	55	459
18.4-16.1	49	409
18.4-24	75	626
18.4-26	79	659
18.4-28	84	701
18.4-30	89	742
18.4-34	100	834
18.4-38	110	917
19.5L-24	73	609
20. 8-34	128	1068
20.8-38	140	1168

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Ballast Volume and Weight

Ballast Volume and Weight

Andy's Tire Service "Our service goes a long way!"

Ballast Volume and Weight Volume and weight are calculated with the valve at its highest position and liquid filled to that level. This will be approximately 75%. The 3 pound calcium chloride per gallon of water solution is slush-free to -12F and solid at -52F. 5 lb/gal solution is slush-free to -53F and solid at -63F. Considerable heat is generated when mixing CaCl2 and water. Always add the CaCl2 to the water rather than water to the CaCl2.

Tire Size		Water	3 lb/gal CaCl2	5 lb/gal CaCl2
	Gallons	Pounds	Pounds	Pounds
4. 00-12 4.00-15 4.00-19	2 2.5 3	17 21 25	24 24 30	27 27 34
5.00-15	4	33	35	40
5.50-16	5	42	47	53
5.90-15	5	42	47	53
6. 00-14 6.00-16	6 6	50 50	60 60	67 67
6.50-16	7	58	71	74
7.5L-15 7.50-16 7.50-18 7.50-20	8.5 10 11 12	71 83 92 100	82 101 112 118	93 107 120 127
9.5L-15 9.50-20 9.50-24	11 18 20	92 150 167	112 189 202	120 200 213
10. 00-16	18	150	189	200
11L-15 11L-16 11.00-16	14 15 25	117 123 208	142 155 260	147 160 267
12.5L-15	19	158	189	200
13.50-16.1	35	292	355	387
14L-16. 1	28	233	284	307
16.5L-16.1	41	342	414	440
19L-16.1	55	459	556	600
21.5L-16.1	68	567	687	734
7. 2-30	11	92	112	120
8.3-24	13	108	131	133
9.5-16	12	100	118	133
9.5-24	17	142	178	187
9.5-36	24	200	249	267
9. 5-42	28	233	284	307
11.2-24	24	200	237	253
11.2-28	27	225	284	293
11.2-34	32	267	331	347
11. 2-36	24	283	344	360
11.2-38	35	292	355	387
12.4-16	21	175	213	227
12.4-24	30	250	308	333
12. 4-28	35	292	355	374
12.4-36	42	350	426	453
12.4-42	48	400	486	520
13.6-16.1	31	258	308	333
13.6-24	38	317	379	400
13. 6-28	43	359	439	467
13.6-38	57	475	581	614
13.9-36	51	425	521	560
14.9-24	47	392	474	507
14.9-26	48	400	486	520
14. 9-28	53	442	545	574
14.9-30	57	475	568	614
14.9-38	67	559	675	720
15.5-38	66	550	663	707
16.9-24	61	509	616	654
16. 9-26	65	542	663	694
16.9-28	69	575	699	747
16.9-30	73	609	746	787
16.9-34	82	684	829	880
16.9-38	90	751	912	974
17. 5L-24	55	459	557	600
18.4-16.1	49	409	497	520
18.4-24	74	617	758	800
18.4-26	79	659	805	854
18.4-28	84	701	852	907
18. 4-30	89	742	912	960
18.4-34	100	834	1007	1081
18.4-38	110	917	1113	1187
18.4-42	115	959	1160	1240
19.5L-24	69	575	710	747
20. 8-34	128	1068	1291	1374
20.8-38	140	1168	1420	1521
20.8-42	148	1234	1503	1600
21L-24	87	725	876	934
23.1-26	128	1068	1291	1374
23. 1-30	143	1193	1456	1547
23.1-34	159	1326	1610	1708
24.5-32	170	1418	1729	1841
28L-26	157	1309	1587	1694
30.5L-32	217	1809	2202	2347
35. 5L-32	313	2609	3172	3388

Tire marking. How to correctly determine tire parameters

Do you want to choose a tire for your car, but do not understand tire markings well? It's not a problem! In this section, we will help you figure out what tire parameters are, what they mean, and which tire is right for your car.

Select tires / tire catalog

Explanation of tire markings.

195/65 R15 91 T XL

195 is the tire width in mm.

65 - Proportionality, i.e. profile height to width ratio. In our case, it is equal to 65%. Simply put, with the same width, the larger this indicator, the higher the tire will be and vice versa. Usually this value is simply called “profile”.

Since the tire profile is a relative value, it is important to take into account when choosing rubber that if you want to put tires with a size of 205/65 R15 instead of the size 195/65 R15, then not only the width of the tire will increase, but also the height! Which in most cases is unacceptable! (except when both of these sizes are indicated in the car's operating book). You can calculate the exact data on changing the outer dimensions of the wheel in a special tire calculator.

If this ratio is not specified (for example, 185/R14C), then it is equal to 80-82% and the tire is called full profile. Reinforced tires with this marking are usually used on minibuses and light trucks, where a large maximum wheel load is very important.

R - means a tire with a radial cord (in fact, almost all tires are made this way now).

Many mistakenly believe that R- means the radius of the tire, but this is the radial design of the tire. There is also a diagonal design (indicated by the letter D), but recently it has practically not been produced, since its performance is noticeably worse.

15 - wheel (rim) diameter in inches. (It is the diameter, not the radius! This is also a common mistake). This is the “landing” diameter of the tire on the disk, i.e. is the inside size of the tire or the outside of the rim.

91 - load index. This is the level of maximum permissible load on one wheel. For passenger cars, it is usually done with a margin and is not a decisive factor when choosing tires (in our case, IN - 91 - 670 kg.). For minibuses and small trucks, this parameter is very important and must be observed.

Tire load index table:

T is the tire speed index. The larger it is, the faster you can ride on this tire (in our case, IS - H - up to 210 km / h). Speaking about the tire speed index, I would like to note that with this parameter, the tire manufacturer guarantees the normal operation of the rubber when the car is constantly moving at the specified speed for several hours.

Speed ​​index table:

American tire marking:

There are two different American tire markings. The first one is very similar to the European one, only the letters “P” (Passanger - for a passenger car) or “LT” (Light Truck - light truck) are placed before the size. For example: P 195/60 R 14 or LT 235/75 R15. And another tire marking, which is fundamentally different from the European one.

Example: 31x10.5 R15 (corresponds to European size 265/75 R15)

31 is the outside diameter of the tire in inches.
10.5 is tire width in inches.
R - a tire with a radial design (older tire models were with a diagonal design).
15 is the inner diameter of the tire in inches.

Generally speaking, except for inches that are unusual for us, the American tire marking is logical and more understandable, unlike the European one, where the height of the tire profile is not constant and depends on the width of the tire. And here everything is simple with decoding: the first digit of the standard size is the outer diameter, the second is the width, the third is the inner diameter.

Additional information indicated in the marking on the sidewall of the tire:

XL or Extra Load is a reinforced tire, the load index of which is 3 units higher than that of conventional tires of the same size. In other words, if a given tire has a load index of 91 marked XL or Extra Load, then this means that with this index, the tire is able to withstand a maximum load of 670 kg instead of 615 kg (see the table of tire load indices).

M+S or tire marking M&S (Mud + Snow) - mud plus snow and means that the tires are all-season or winter. Many summer tires for SUVs are labeled M&S. However, these tires must not be used in winter, as winter tires have a completely different rubber compound and tread pattern, and the M&S badge indicates good flotation performance.

All Season or AS all season tires. Aw (Any Weather) - Any weather.

Pictogram * (snowflake) — rubber is designed for use in harsh winter conditions. If this marking is not on the sidewall of the tire, then this tire is intended for use only in summer conditions.

Aquatred, Aquacontact, Rain, Water, Aqua or icon (umbrella) Special rain tires.

Outside and Inside ; asymmetric tires, i.e. It is important not to confuse which side is the outside and which is the inside. When installing, the Outside inscription must be on the outside of the car, and Inside on the inside.

RSC (RunFlat System Component) - RunFlat tires are tires on which you can continue to drive a car at a speed of no more than 80 km / h with a FULL tire pressure drop (due to a puncture or cut). On these tires, depending on the manufacturer's recommendations, you can drive from 50 to 150 km. Different tire manufacturers use different designations for RSC technology. For example: Bridgestone RFT, Continental SSR, Goodyear RunOnFlat, Nokian Run Flat, Michelin ZP etc.

Rotation or arrow This marking on the tire sidewall indicates a directional tire. When installing the tire, you must strictly observe the direction of rotation of the wheel, indicated by the arrow.

Tubeless - tubeless tire. In the absence of this inscription, the tire can only be used with a camera. Tube Type - indicates that this tire must be used only with a tube.

Max Pressure ; maximum allowable tire pressure. Max Load - the maximum allowable load on each wheel of the car, in kg.

Reinforced or the letters RF in the size (for example 195/70 R15RF) means that this is a reinforced tire (6 layers). The letter C at the end of the size (for example 195/70 R15C) indicates a truck tire (8 layers).

Radial this marking on the rubber in the standard size means that it is a radial construction tire. Steel means that there is a metal cord in the tire structure.

Letter E (in a circle) - the tire meets the European requirements of ECE (Economic Commission for Europe). DOT (Department of Transportation - US Department of Transportation) is an American quality standard.

Temperature A, B, or C The temperature resistance of the tire at high speeds on the test bench (A is best).

Traction A, B, or C

Treadwear ; relative expected mileage compared to a specific US standard test.

TWI (Tread Wear Indiration) - tire tread wear indicators. The marking on the TWI wheel can also be with an arrow. Pointers are located evenly in eight or six places around the entire circumference of the tire and show the minimum allowable tread depth. The wear indicator is made in the form of a protrusion with a height of 1.6 mm (the minimum tread value for light vehicles) and is located in the tread recess (usually in the drainage grooves).

DOT - Manufacturer's coded address, tire size code, certificate, issue date (week/year).

Find tires / tire catalog

Tire pressure table by car make

07/23/2021

Tire pressure is an important point during the operation of any vehicle and, in particular, cars. This indicator affects not only the wear rate of products, but also the quality indicators for driving a car, safety and comfort while driving, and the level of fuel fluid consumption. For this reason, every car owner should know how to correctly measure the pressure inside the tires and the tools for this procedure.

Tire pressure measurements

On the territory of the Russian Federation, the unit of measurement for air pressure for tires is 1 atm = 1 kgf / cm2. The value of this value is often equated to another unit - Bar. But in the US, this value is indicated in PSI, where 1 psi \u003d 1 psi. inch. This state of affairs affects the labeling and differences in the interpretation of indicators for different manufacturers. The designation of the maximum allowable pressure is in Kilopascals, where 1 kPa = 6.895psi

At the same time, when discussing the correct selection of the desired pressure value inside the tires, it is worth considering not the brand of tires, but the recommendations from the manufacturer of a particular brand, model and modification of the car. But not vice versa.

Tire Pressure Tool

Of course, special devices are used to understand the correct value and, at least, the current tire pressure reading. Manometers come in different types:

• Pointer refers to the mechanical type of the spring type. The accuracy reaches up to 0.1 units.
• Rack and pinion designed on the basis of a coil spring. Characterized by ease of use.
• Digital is even easier to use with a digital display.

But besides this, other types of devices will also help:

• The indicator cap is a miniature device located on each wheel. Such a device is screwed onto the place of a conventional cap and, depending on the color, the pressure level can be clearly calculated.
• External gauge caps are electronic indicators of pressure and temperature inside tires. Differs in high accuracy of measurement.

It should be noted separately that tire pressure measurements are carried out before the upcoming trip or after 5-8 hours of vehicle inactivity.

Where are the pressure ratings?

For the convenience of car owners, manufacturers indicate information about the required level of pressure on the front and rear wheels in such a way that you can always check it at the right time. Sometimes reference plates are located on the B-pillar or on the inner cap of the gas tank, as well as on the end of the door on the driver's side.

Effect of seasonality on tire pressure

In addition to the fact that all tires are divided into 3 main types: all-season, summer and winter, the inflation process in summer and winter will differ. This is due to the fact that inside any closed space, a pressure change of 0.1 atm occurs with temperature fluctuations for every 8-10 degrees Celsius.

Summer period

In summer, one should take into account the heating of the road surface, which affects the increase in grip and friction of coated tires. Therefore, in this case, it is important to avoid the likelihood of tire explosions and other emergencies. When inflating tires in summer, the following factors related to tire pressure should be considered:

• pressure increase occurs when the temperature of the surrounding air rises up to 10-15%, therefore, in such situations it is recommended not to top up the rubber;
• during control measurements, an increase in the period for equalizing temperature conditions both inside and outside the wheels is taken into account; for this, it is desirable that the car stand at least overnight;
• in the recommendations from the manufacturer, you can always get acquainted with the maximum allowable pressure in the tires of a particular brand of car, here you should take into account not only the season, but also the front and rear wheels.

winter period

The pressure drop in winter is caused by the cooling and cooling of road surfaces. This leads to a corresponding decrease in the stability of the tires on the road while driving. From here follow the basic principles of tire inflation in winter:

• tire inflation and pressure control is carried out with a minimum idle time of 2 hours;
• when leaving warm locations (for example, from a garage), it is necessary to calculate the temperature difference indoors and outdoors, in this case, every 10 degrees in the difference with respect to the normal pressure indicator, it is worth adding 0. 1 atm;
• in case of stability in ambient temperature, one should be guided by the recommendations from the manufacturers in winter weather.

Regardless of the level of professionalism in car ownership, experts recommend using a pressure gauge at least once a month and before long trips. If there are frequent temperature fluctuations in the weather in any of the seasons, the interval should be reduced to 2 weeks.

Low pressure

With reduced tire pressures, contact between the wheel and the road surface occurs only at the extreme points. In visual terms, sometimes it is simply impossible to determine this, but this situation leads to the following negative consequences:

• increased load on the lateral tracks of the tread, increased wear;
• deterioration of adhesion to the road surface, delay in acceleration, increase in braking distance, increase in the likelihood of wear;
• in the presence of high speed modes in the side parts of the tires, there is a wave-like transmission of movement, which leads to the impossibility of stabilizing the car in critical situations, the appearance of destructive vibration of the tire carcass;
• increase in fuel consumption.

High blood pressure

When the required tire pressure is exceeded, only the central part of the wheels comes into contact with the road. This entails the following consequences:

• reduced grip, increased wheel stiffness, increased wear on center tracks;
• collision with uneven surfaces leads to the risk of rubber rupture;
• increased noise level, reduced driving comfort.

Different tire pressure

But even more dangerous situations and consequences arise with different pressures in all 4 or at least 2 tires. Indeed, in this case, there is a roll towards a less inflated wheel. In such cases, the consumption of fuel fluid increases up to 10%.

Despite this, attention should be paid to cases in which pressure deviations in car tires by 10-12% help to help out on bumps, when passing surfaces with sand, viscous mud, and wet grass. That is, it is possible to increase the permeability. Pumping in a small range will help while moving on highways at high speeds. Sometimes a slight increase in pressure only on the rear tires allows you to carry heavy loads with the least problems.

Pressure table for different car brands

It is important to note that factory standards today are verified data that you should definitely focus on. They undergo numerous checks and tests, and the level of competition between brands makes it necessary to improve all indicators and the testing process. If you could not find recommendations from your car brand manufacturer, below we bring to your attention a table with the necessary data:

25		thirty		35		40		45		fifty		55		60		65		70
The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR	The size	kgf/cm2≈BAR
285/25-R20	2. 9	265/30-R19	2.8	215/35-R18	2.8	195/40-R17	2.8	165/45-R15	2.5	165/50-R15	2.4	155/55-R14	2.2	185/60-R14	2.0	175/65-R13	1.9	175/70-R13	1.9
295/25-R22	2.9	275/30-R19	2.8	225/35-R18	2.8	205/40-R17	2.8	195/45-R15	2.6	195/50-R15	2.4	165/55-R14	2. 2			175/65-R14	2.0
		285/30-R19	2.8	255/35-R18	2.7	215/40-R17	2.7	195/45-R16	2.5	205/50-R15	2.3	165/55-R15	2.1
		245/30-R20	2.9	265/35-R18	2.6	235/40-R17	2.6	205/45-R16	2.4	225/50-R15	2. 3	185/55-R15	2.1
		275/30-R20	2.9	275/35-R18	2.5	245/40-R17	2.5	205/45-R17	2.7	195/50-R16	2.4	195/55-R15	2.1
		255/30-R20	2.9	215/35-R19	2.8	255/40-R17	2.5	215/45-R17	2.6	205/50-R16	2. 3	205/55-R16	2.2
		245/30-R22	2.9	225/35-R19	2.8	215/40-R18	2.8	225/45-R17	2.5	215/50-R16	2.3	215/55-R16	2.3
		265/30-R22	2.9	235/35-R19	2.8	225/40-R18	2.7	235/45-R17	2.4	225/50-R16	2. 3	225/55-R17	2.3
		285/30-R22	2.9	245/35-R19	2.8	235/40-R18	2.6	215/45-R18	2.4	205/50-R17	2.4
				255/35-R19	2.8	245/40-R18	2.6	225/45-R18	2.4	215/50-R17	2.4
				265/35-R19	2. 9	265/40-R18	2.6	235/45-R18	2.6	225/50-R17	2.4
				275/35-R19	2.8	275/40-R18	2.8	245/45-R18	2.5	225/50-R18	2.5
				245/35-R20	2.9	225/40-R19	2.8	255/45-R18	2. 8	235/50-R18	2.5
				255/35-R20	2.9	245/40-R19	2.9	225/45-R19	2.8
				275/35-R20	2.9	255/40-R19	2.9	245/45-R19	2.7
						275/40-R19	2. Learn more How to install mx vs atv unleashed How to remove battery from gator atv How much pressure should a bike tire have Second number on tire size How to lose the spare tire fat Directional tires how to tell How many people die from atv How to blow up bike tires without a pump How to stay up all night without feeling tired How do you check the oil in a 1998 yahama grizzly atv Meaning of tire numbers