by Crutchfield's
I've installed car audio gear in a pumpkin. True or false?
I've driven all over – up, down, and coast to coast – and my best memories all have a soundtrack. Music is something I don't leave home without, and after enduring my fair share of crummy systems, I know that quality gear makes a long drive a joy. On those golden days, when the windows just have to go down, I need power and speakers that can handle it.
While I've clocked a lot of highway miles, I've also logged a lot of hours listening to car speakers from the best in the industry. And I've installed those speakers in a variety of vehicles, from sport coupes to minivans. Every listening environment is unique, every series of speakers has its own sonic stamp, and speakers perform differently depending how they're used. And while it's easy to get overwhelmed by specs, my best advice is to ask yourself. what's gonna put the biggest grin on your face when you just gotta turn it up?
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A Crutchfield employee and installation expert shares his process and some pro tips for working with fiberglass. He documented his recent build of a custom subwoofer enclosure and let us pick his brain for the details. Read below for an intro to custom fiberglass work.
When Darren, Crutchfield's vehicle integration gear guru, overhauled the factory system in his 2017 VW Golf Alltrack, he built a fiberglass enclosure for his 10" Hertz subwoofer. No stranger to working with fiberglass, Darren decided he'd make an enclosure that molded to the shape of the spare tire and be removable if he needed quick access to the spare. It took him nine steps to go from concept to custom box.
You'll find some of the essentials for a project like this in our box-building tools, but most will require a trip to your nearest hardware store. You might also opt to borrow a tool or two from your neighbor if this is your first go at a custom build. And then there's the stuff you might be able to find lying around the house.
Before diving into building his subwoofer enclosure, Darren gathered up the following...
When it comes to materials like painter's tape, fiberglass mat, and resin, Darren recommends overestimating how much you'll need. He had to make two trips to the hardware store for this project, and when you're covered in dried resin, the last thing you want to do is go out in public (especially in the car you're currently working on).
With all your supplies gathered, you're ready to take on your project. Darren set up shop in his garage because it's temperature-controlled and all his tools are close at hand. If you don't have a garage, you'll want to tackle this job when pleasant weather is on the horizon and in a space that has plenty of ventilation. Fiberglass resin is unbeatable for its rigidity once it dries, but in liquid form, it's noxious stuff.
Darren stretched out the following steps over days, but if you have the time to work 'em into a weekend, go for it!
Place the sub in your chosen location to get a sense of how it will mount and if there will be sufficient air space. (You'll usually find your sub's ideal enclosure volume in the speaker's manual.)
Tip: You may want to take some initial measurements and keep them on a Post-it® note nearby for easy reference.
Completely seal off the area you'll be using to create your mold. In Darren's case, he laid down layer upon layer of painter's masking tape to ensure that nothing could seep through and damage his VW interior. Even though it was a relatively small area, Darren used a couple rolls of tape.
Tip: You can't be too careful. Some folks go as far as adding a layer of aluminum foil as well to ensure nothing leaks through.
Confirm the volume you'll need for your enclosure and build accordingly. Darren cut a board to frame out a fourth wall so that every part of the box would be structurally sound. This is the foundation of your box, so make sure it won't move at all as you take on the next step.
Tip: Be sure to overestimate the box volume you'll need. When the time comes to add the top to your box, it's always going to be easier to refine the structure than build it up.
Cut your fiberglass mat into manageable strips and pieces. Organize them to cover the surface area of your enclosure.
Tip: Weight the mat in key locations to keep your strips in place as you begin the next step.
Pour over, dab, or paint resin to coat your arranged mat strips and seal any gaps. The more coats of resin the better. You'll want to check the directions on resin packaging for ideal drying temperatures. Darren built his box in the dead of winter, but because he did the job in a temperature-controlled garage, this step went smoothly and didn't drag on.
Tip: Take your time, assess progress, and apply more coats as needed.
Once the structure is dry to the touch, remove it from the vehicle and peel off any tape that has adhered to the bottom. With your new box outside the vehicle, you'll have an easier time finishing your work. Confirm that the volume of the box matches your initial plans.
Tip: There's no one correct way to measure the volume of your box. Some fill the enclosure with styrofoam peanuts or water. Darren measured the space in manageable layers.
Measure and cut a piece of MDF that will be the lid of your box. Use your sub's listed cutout diameter to create a hole for mounting the speaker. Secure the lid to the molded enclosure.
Tip: Darren caulked the seams of the box just to be sure it was perfectly sealed.
You may want to add speaker terminals for easy hookup to your system. Check out our assortment of other subwoofer box accessories for ideas. Darren used 3M adhesive spray to finish the box with a carpeted exterior, but this is your chance to truly customize your creation. Be bold and give it an exterior that suits your vehicle's interior. Then, wire and secure your sub (or subs) to your new custom enclosure and start thumpin'.
As we wrapped up our conversation with Darren, he summed up with this little nugget of wisdom: "Fiberglassing is really a project for a true audio enthusiast. It's messy work and can be painstaking at times, so before you dive in, it's important to be really excited about what you're going to create."
Keep in mind that every project is different and there's no end to creative solutions. If you're stuck at any point in the process, explore YouTube to find videos of enthusiasts showing off their work and the process. And if you have any advice for others, feel free to share it in the comments of this article.
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Publication time: 21:08/
08/05/2021
The speaker enclosure is the next important link. Earlier, we already figured out why we need and how speakers work in Hi-Fi speakers. And how to make the speaker play music with high quality? The answer lies precisely in the speaker cabinet.
A speaker is a key element in the design of any speakers that converts an electrical sound signal into sound waves. We discussed this issue in more detail in a previous article. When the speaker is working, you can see the characteristic movement of the cone back and forth. When the diffuser moves forward, a zone of increased air pressure is created in front of it (the air is simply compressed). At the same time, there is more space for air behind - a zone of low pressure is formed. It turns out that the diffuser creates sound waves both in front and behind. And these waves collide - this is called "acoustic short circuit". You can’t get a good sound like that, obvious problems will arise at low frequencies (low-frequency waves are the longest).
Triangle Comete EZ bookshelf speaker
For a speaker to work well at all frequencies, it is necessary to prevent these sound waves from colliding so that they do not cancel each other out. In the general case, this problem can be solved by installing the speaker in the shield. The dimensions of this shield must exceed the wavelength of sound at the lowest frequencies. However, this solution is not suitable for home use. Then the engineers came up with the idea of making a case for the speaker - a box in which the speakers are installed with the front part outward. This housing eliminates the possibility of mutual acoustic suppression of the front and rear sound waves (one wave goes out, the second remains in the housing).
Not every box is suitable for placing a speaker in it. If, of course, we still want to get high-quality sound. The task of engineers in production is to calculate the dimensions, shapes of speaker cabinets and many other characteristics. For example, let's remember that in the process of operation, the column body is subjected to constant mechanical stress due to mechanical movements. And this means that vibrations will be transmitted to the body. If the cabinet walls are too thin or made of resonating materials (eg plastic), then the appearance of audible unpleasant overtones is inevitable. But making the column walls too thick is also not advisable, that is, here you need to find the optimal solution.
Floorstanding speaker system Triangle Australe EZ
One of the important points in creating a cabinet for a column is the correct choice of its dimensions (internal volume). It must be done in accordance with the characteristics of the speaker. Indeed, the air that is inside the closed column housing will be very reluctant to compress and expand. This will make it difficult for the speaker cone to work. For example, take a bicycle pump and try to move the piston with the tube hole closed - you can hardly get a slight movement of the hand. The same air resistance inside the speaker will have to be overcome by the speaker cone as it moves back and forth. This will not have the best effect on the sound of the speaker at low frequencies and on the overall efficiency of its operation (sensitivity). Of course, the speaker cabinet can be made large and then the air resistance inside will have a lesser effect on the performance of the speaker. But there is another way to solve this problem.
Triangle floorstanding speaker BR08
The next element of the column design comes to the rescue - a phase inverter. Have you noticed that many speakers have holes on the front or back? Usually they are round, but sometimes there are other shapes, such as rectangular ones. These are phase inverters, which are a kind of “exhaust pipe” of the speaker.
The bass reflex is a tube in the speaker cabinet that delivers energetic bass response and deep bass reproduction.
The shape and length of this pipe, as well as the diameter of the hole itself, are chosen based on many factors, the size of the column and the parameters of the speaker. It is thanks to the phase inverter that even small speakers can sound bass. In addition, the cones of their drivers move more freely than in the case of a closed cabinet. And this means that the sensitivity of the speakers increases.
Bass reflex principle
How does a phase inverter work? At first glance, it releases the same sound waves from the back of the bass speaker cone. But that is not all. According to its name and principle of operation, the phase inverter reverses the phase of the sound wave passing through it. Therefore, it not only does not suppress, but also enhances the sound (in a certain frequency range) that the speaker reproduces.
Bass reflex in the Triangle Antal 40th Anniversary floorstanding speaker
The phase inverter is not as simple as it seems. This is a complex resonant system. The sound quality of acoustics depends on the correct calculation of this system. The design of the phase inverter is determined individually for each speaker model. The outlets of the phase inverters can be located on the front or rear panels of the case. Their location does not affect the principle of operation or sound quality. However, the installation of speakers with a rear-facing bass reflex has its own characteristics. It is generally not recommended to place them close to the wall of the room, otherwise there may be an overabundance of bass (although some music lovers may even like this).
Even the best speakers won't deliver great sound if they're installed in the wrong cabinet. Fortunately, modern Hi-Fi is produced by experienced companies.
When you decide to buy speakers from a well-known brand, you can be sure that the sound will delight you for many years.
We will talk about other elements in the following articles. And you can choose acoustics to your liking here and now: https://overton.ru/catalog/akusticheskie-sistemy/
Lee Hazlewood's tough-talkin' hit song (popularized by Nancy Sinatra) is adapted into a playful children's book about the inner life of a jealous cat.These boots are made for walkingAnd that's just what they'll doOne of these days these bootsAre gonna walk all over youThese Boots Are Made for Walkin' is an adorable story of friendship and family set against the backdrop of Lee Hazlewood's iconic song. While there have been numerous recordings over the past several decades, "These Boots Are Made for Walkin'" was originally recorded by Nancy Sinatra and released in early 1966 to instant success. A #1 Billboard hit in the US, UK, Canada, and Australia that was nominated for three GRAMMYs, Hazlewood's song continues to be embraced to this day.With lyrics by Lee Hazlewood and illustrations by Rachel Moss, this captivating picture book tells the story of a boy and his extremely attached and very jealous cat who must adapt to the introduction of a new family member--a puppy. The funny story line and delightful images are sure to have the entire family curled up and laughing together, pets included!"'These Boots Are Made for Walkin'' is one of the most famous pop songs of all time."--New York Times"The hit written by Lee Hazelwood took pop to places it had only previously fantasized about...This oddball song was a tough-talkin', heavy-stridin', even fetishistic assertion of grrrl power..."--Financial Times
Lee Hazlewood's tough-talkin' hit song (popularized by Nancy Sinatra) is adapted into a playful children's book about the inner life of a jealous cat.
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