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The air vent valve is a device for the ventilation systems, which is used to regulate and control the air flow.
Throttling valves are used to control the airflow rate in the ventilation system using a manual or automatic actuator (electric or pneumatic).
Externally, the damper is a metal case made for a certain size of the air duct, inside which there is a blade fixed on an axis and driven by a lever or an electric drive.
Air damper actuator catalog Air damper and valve catalog
Selecting the appropriate actuator for a particular air valve requires consideration and consideration of a number of factors:
If the air damper needs to be fixed in one position after initial adjustment (e.
g. balancing damper) or if its position only needs to be changed a couple of times a year (e.g. for summer/winter changeover), a manual actuator may be engaged. drive. If the damper is required for automatic operation as part of a ventilation and air conditioning system, an electric or pneumatic actuator must be provided.
In the following, we will only consider direct connected electric drives.
Electric actuators for air valves of ventilation systems are divided by:
air valve actuators have two main divisions: spring return actuators and non spring return actuators .
Spring return actuators are designed for HVAC applications. They perform security functions, are designed, for example, to protect against freezing, smoke. When the air damper of the valve is moved to its normal operating position, the return spring is charged in the electric actuator, when the power supply is interrupted, the energy stored in the spring returns the damper to the protective position.
Electric actuators without spring return are designed to control air dampers in building ventilation and air conditioning systems. In these actuators, the spring, when the power supply is interrupted, retains the specified position.
If you want the air damper to move to the safety position when the power supply to the actuator fails, select spring return actuator .
How the built-in return spring works - simultaneously with
turning the air damper to the normal position, the return spring
is cocked.
In the event of a power failure, the damper automatically returns to the guard position
due to the energy of the spring. Spring actuators
can be used, for example, on outside air dampers
to protect water heat exchangers from freezing.
These servo drives have three types of control signal: two-position, three-point and modulating (0…10V DC).
If it is necessary that the air damper remains in its original position when the power supply to the actuator is interrupted, select actuator without return spring .
Actuators without built-in return spring remain in the same position when the supply voltage is switched off.
These servo drives have three types of control signal: two-position, three-point and modulating (0…10V DC).
In the photo above you can compare models from Dastech and Belimo with the same torque. The difference between the model with a return spring is not only in control, but also in overall dimensions - they are larger.
The case of electric actuators without a spring, as a rule, is made of plastic and they are noticeably lighter. But models with a spring return work faster, the AR-05N24S damper turn time is 70/20 seconds, while the LM24A-S has 150 seconds. in both directions.
Lack of spring return allows to produce ventilation actuators with minimal dimensions and reduces their cost.
two-position electric actuators (open/closed control) are controlled by power on or power off. Turning on the power starts the actuator and brings it to the set operating position. Removing power allows the actuator spring to return the air damper to its original position, depending on whether it is "normally closed" or "normally open".
Three-point control (pulse control) - the stem moves by an amount proportional to the duration of the supply signal. With three-point control, the position of the stem does not depend on the voltage and the actuator receives an opening or closing signal.
In the case of three-point control, the magnitude of the control signal is constant, but it comes through different channels. When one contact closes, the drive opens (or closes), when the second contact closes, the drive closes (or opens). If power is not supplied to either the first or the second, the drive stops. Thus, by applying a sequence of pulses / pauses to the appropriate contacts, the actuator can be moved to any position.
Analog control (proportional) - stem moves by an amount proportional to the control signal (voltage or current). With analog control (direct), the position of the electric actuator stem depends on the magnitude of the applied voltage in the range from 0 to 10V (2-10V). For example, if the controller has determined that a control valve controlled by an electric drive should be half open, then it sends an analog control signal with a nominal value of 5 Volts, if the valve should be fully opened, then a control signal of 10V should be generated.
Having decided on the type of control, select the drive torque.
Actuator closing force is measured in Newtons per meter (Nm). The magnitude of the force determines which valve and at what pressure drop the actuator can close. The required force for closing is specified in the characteristics of the control valve.
The actual torque required to operate the valve depends on a number of factors:
How the damper is installed in the duct and how the actuator is installed can greatly affect torque requirements. Valves installed with a skewed square profile (losing the correct rectangular shape) can require many times more torque than dampers installed evenly and correctly.
Always select a valve actuator with a rated torque greater than the desired damper torque. When choosing an actuator that will use a lever arrangement rather than the preferred "straight" connection, it is recommended to consider an additional safety factor (margin) of 30 to 50%. When in doubt, the next larger drive is always the safest choice.
| Torque table depending on valve size | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Air valve cross section, mm | 200 | 250 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 |
| 200 | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm |
| 250 | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm |
| 300 | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm |
| 400 | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm |
| 500 | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm |
| 600 | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm |
| 700 | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm |
| 800 | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm |
| 1000 | 3 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm |
| 1200 | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm |
| 1400 | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm |
| 1600 | 5 Nm | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 30 Nm | 30 Nm |
| 1800 | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 30 Nm | 30 Nm | 30 Nm |
| 2000 | 5 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 8 Nm | 10 Nm | 10 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 20 Nm | 30 Nm | 30 Nm | 30 Nm |
| Torque table depending on damper section | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shutter size | 100 mm | 125 mm | 160 mm | 200 mm | 250 mm | 315 mm |
| Section area | 0. | 0.012 m² | 0.02 m² | 0.03 m² | 0.05 m² | 0.08 m² |
| Actuator force | 2 Nm | 2 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm | 3 Nm |
| Example | DA-02N24 | Dastech DA-04N220 | ||||
| Shutter size | 355 mm | 400 mm | 500 mm | 630 mm | 800 mm | 1000 mm |
| Section area | 0.1 m² | 0.13 m² | 0.2 m² | 0.31 m² | 0.5 m² | 0.79 m² |
| Actuator force | 3 Nm | 4 Nm | 5 Nm | 6 Nm | 8 Nm | 16 Nm |
| Torque table depending on damper area | ||
|---|---|---|
| Force | Gate area up to | Electric drive example |
| 2 Nm | 0. | Belimo CM24-SR-R (2Nm/24V) |
| 2.5 Nm | 0.5 m2 | Belimo TF230 (2.5Nm/230V) |
| 3 Nm | 0.6 m2 | Belimo LU230A (3Nm/230V) |
| 4 Nm | 0.8 m2 | Belimo LF24 (4Nm/24V) |
| 5 Nm | 1 m2 | Belimo LM24A (5Nm/24V) |
| 7 Nm | 1.5 m2 | Siemens GMA121.1E (7Nm/24V) |
| 8 Nm | 1.5 m2 | Lufberg DA08N24 (8Nm/24V) |
| 10 Nm | 2 m2 | Belimo NF230A (10Nm/230V) |
| 15 Nm | 3 m2 | Siemens GEB331.1E (15Nm/230V) |
| 16 Nm | 3 m2 | Lufberg DA16N220 (16Nm/230V) |
| 18 Nm | 3.5 m2 | Siemens GCA321.1E (18Nm/230V) |
| 20 Nm | 4 m2 | Belimo SM230A (20Nm/230V) |
| 24 Nm | 4. | Lufberg DA24N220S (20Nm/230V) |
| 25 Nm | 4.5 m2 | Siemens GBB331.1E (25Nm/230V) |
| 30 Nm | 6 m2 | Belimo EF230A (30Nm/230V) |
| 32 Nm | 6 m2 | Lufberg DA32N220 (32Nm/230V) |
| 35 Nm | 7 m2 | Siemens GIB331.1E (35Nm/230V) |
| 40 Nm | 8 m2 | Belimo GM230AE (40Nm/230V) |
Important! The data given in the table are indicative. It is worth remembering that air valves with high tightness require more effort to regulate the air damper. The pressure and speed of the air flow in the ventilation system also have a strong influence. Therefore, in any case, it is recommended to buy an electric drive with a margin.
Manufacturers of servo drives indicate the recommended air damper area in the passport, however, the recommendations can vary greatly, so Belimo for the NM230A-S model (10Nm / 230V) indicates a damper up to 2m², but Siemens for a similar model GLB336. 1E (10Nm / 230V ) indicates a smaller area - up to 1.5m².
It should be remembered that dampers with an area of three or more square meters are often structurally made with two or more stems. The lamellae associated with them are independent. In this case, several drives with less effort are installed.
The supply voltage of the electric drive must correspond to the supply voltage of the control controller, for example, to a controller powered by a 24V mains voltage, only an electric drive powered by 24V can be connected. Most servos are available in 24V or 230V. Accordingly, the choice is limited to only two options.
Actuators can be produced with additional switches that perform additional functions, are designed to signal the end positions or perform a switching function at any position of the damper. The switching points for switches A and B (one for each) can be set independently from each other in the range 0–90° in steps of 5°.
Actuator stroke, measured in millimeters, corresponds to the distance between the maximum down stroke and the maximum up stroke. The stroke of the electric actuator must be greater than or equal to the stroke of the control valve.
Actuator speed, measured in sec/mm, corresponds to the time in seconds required to move the stem by 1 millimeter.
Maximum fluid temperature at which an electric actuator can be used. The electric drive itself does not come into contact with the coolant, but the heat from the coolant is transferred through the valve stem to the electric drive stem. If the operating temperature is higher than the maximum temperature, rod coolers should be used.
Electrical connection of air actuator without return spring with 2/3 position and modulating control for 24V and 220V
Electrical connection for spring return air actuator with 2-position and modulating control for 24V and 220V.
Wiring diagram for auxiliary switches (for 1 SPDT and 2 SPDT)
Question. Can fire damper actuator be used?
Reply. Yes you can. The principle of operation of the OZK electric drive is similar to servo drives installed on ventilation dampers.
Question. What is the difference between an air drive and a fire engine?
Answer. The principle of operation is the same, but there are differences in the materials used. For example: Belimo firefighters use a body made of fire-resistant non-flammable plastic or metal, bushings and a gearbox are made of metal. Those. fire servomotors comply with fire safety requirements (applied to OZK dampers), but air ones do not.
There is also a difference in the transmission link for installation on the shaft. For firefighters, it is mainly designed for a square shaft 12x12 mm, and for ventilation, a universal grip is used that fits both round and square shafts of different sizes.
Question. Are there spring return actuators with smooth control?
Answer. Available, but not available from all manufacturers. For example, Belimo and Lufberg have it, but Nanotek doesn't.
If you find it difficult to choose the right electric drive for the ventilation damper, you can contact Panoramavent managers for advice. Experienced employees of our company will try to find for you the drive that you need.
The air flow regulator is a multi-leaf damper with counter-rotating plates and is designed to control the air flow or automatically shut off a rectangular ventilation duct.
