How often should tire rotation be done


How Often Do I Need A Tire Rotation?

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Tires

  • Nov 27,2017

You care about your car and know it’s important to have your tires rotated at regular intervals. You also know that getting this done evens out tire wear, which means better handling and traction for you. But what exactly are “regular intervals”? Learn how often you should get a tire rotation, what's typically involved in the service, and how it can save you from having to buy new tires down the road. That's more money in your pocket for the things you care about!

How often should I get my tires rotated?

About every 7,500 miles or 6 months.

Most vehicle manufacturers recommend that you get your tires rotated approximately every 7,500 miles or six months. However, some vehicles are exceptions and it’s always best to refer to your owner’s manual. This number can change depending on how, where, and what you drive. Simplify things by making it a habit to get your tires rotated every time you get your oil changed.

What is involved in a tire rotation?

Tires are removed, swapped, and remounted.

Tire rotation consists of switching the front and rear tires. It’s crucial to do this because the drive tires (i.e. front tires in front wheel drive vehicles) work harder than the others. If you don’t swap them out, these tires will wear down faster. By rotating your tires, you distribute the burden among all four tires and ensure they wear down evenly. Take a look at the tire rotation pattern below and you'll see! At Firestone Complete Auto Care, our expert technicians remove, swap, and remount your tires so they live longer and drive safer.

How do regular tire rotations help me?

By helping you save money and drive safer.

Regular tire rotations reduce your risk of various tire problems—most obviously, a tire failure or blowout. By regularly rotating your tires, you’ll be less likely to experience those, reducing your risk for an inconvenient and even potentially dangerous situation. Tire rotations also help improve traction and fuel efficiency by ensuring your vehicle's tires wear down evenly. This increases the lifespan of your tires, meaning you’ll save money in the long run.

Getting your tires rotated is key to getting the best performance from both your tires and your vehicle. If you can't remember the last time you had your tires rotated, there's a pretty good chance they're overdue for this important service. Make an appointment for a tire rotation at your local Firestone Complete Auto Care today! We’ll get you rotated and rolling in no time.

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How Often Should You Rotate Car Tires?

For everything you need to know about buying and maintaining tires, click here.

Quick, name the top two safety features on your car, truck, or SUV. Chances are good that tires didn't factor high among the answers. But tires are your vehicle's sole connection to the road. You need to know one of the simplest things you can do to take care of them, so they can take care of you: periodic tire rotation.

"Most drivers don't pay attention to their tires," says Matt Edmonds, executive vice president at the Tire Rack, the largest online marketplace for tire sales in the United States. While tires are his business, Edmonds is under no illusion that tire rotation, a vitally important safety check, is going to get pulses racing.

That's because car tires can seem, well, kind of boring. Most drivers tend not to notice them unless they get a flat. Tires don't have the panache of self-driving technology, the excitement of rubber-burning horsepower, or the feel-good factor of automated emergency braking and blind-spot-monitoring systems.

Too bad, because tire rotation is important when it comes to maintaining the performance and safety of your vehicle. Your tires are, quite literally, where the rubber meets the road, as your tires' contact patches with the pavement are in use during every single drive, in all weather conditions. Well-cared-for tires keep you safe.

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When to Rotate Your Tires

Depending on whether the vehicle you're driving is front-, rear-, or all-wheel drive, the tires will wear at different rates. The driven wheels have more work to do and often exhibit quicker rates of wear. A front-wheel-drive car, for example, uses its hard-working front wheels to steer, brake, and put the power down to the pavement (all while carrying the added weight of a front-mounted engine and transaxle).

“By rotating your tires, you give the tires a chance to even out their wear and get extended life out of your tires,” Edmonds explains. He recommends having your tires rotated about every 3000 to 5000 miles, or at least every time you go in for an oil change. If your owner's manual states that your car doesn't need new oil that frequently, then plan on a tire rotation at least once every six months.

Rotating your tires evens out the wear and makes them last longer.

Proper rotation not only helps even out wear and extend the life of your tires, it provides the perfect opportunity to make certain all four wheels are in good working order. “As we're coming out of winter and going into spring, it's a good time to inspect the tires' outside and inside shoulder for damage, particularly from potholes,” Edmonds says. It's also a good time to check the condition of your wheel rims, which can be bent by hard impacts with potholes—sometimes only on the inboard side of the rim, where you can't easily see it.

Two common tire problems that might surface during an inspection include cupping and blistering of the sidewall.

Getty Images

Tire cupping, Edmonds explains, is more common in older vehicles with suspension systems that are aging and in need of repair. This issue presents itself via uneven wear patterns in the tread, which, if ignored, could significantly affect a vehicle's ride, steering, and braking ability while also wearing out tires prematurely.

A blistered sidewall—literally, a bulge in the sidewall—might result from slamming into a deep pothole. "A tear might occur inside the tire when that tire gets pinched. The air could then get into the structure of the tire, and you get a blister," Edmonds says. If unseen or left undiagnosed, this problem could result in a flat tire or a blowout that could cause a serious accident. We suffered 10 pothole-related tire failures recently with one of our long-term test cars, a 2017 Jaguar XE, over the course of its 40,000-mile stay, due to Michigan's cratered road surfaces.

How to Rotate Your Tires

According to the Tire Industry Association, three tire-rotation patterns cover most of today's vehicles, as long as they are fitted with equal-size tires front and rear and those tires are not unidirectional (meaning they have to rotate in only one direction to function properly).

Rotation pattern for front-drive vehicles: Swap the front tires straight to the rear position on the same side. Take the rear tires and move them to the opposite front corner (e.g., the right rear tire gets moved to the left front).

Getty Images

Rotation pattern for rear-drive vehicles: Move the rear tires straight to the front, then move each front tire to the opposite rear corner (for example, move the right front to the left rear).

Rotation pattern for all-wheel-drive vehicles: Crisscross all four tires (move the right front to the left rear, the left front to the right rear, the left rear to the right front, and the right rear to the left front).

By the way, rugged-looking SUVs may be all the rage, but having a vehicle with all-wheel drive doesn't mean you're immune to tire-rotation maintenance. "That is a common misconception," says Edmonds, regarding the idea that all-wheel-drive vehicles automatically have tires that wear more evenly. "All-wheel-drive systems don't always drive all the wheels all the time," he explains, adding that transfer cases and electronically controlled differentials can shift power between the front and rear wheels, depending on the conditions and the drive mode that's been selected. And a vehicle's inherent weight difference between the front and rear can also affect tire wear.

Extra attention needs to be paid when it comes to vehicles with different wheel sizes at the front and rear and those fitted with unidirectional tires—tires that are designed to rotate in one direction only. In many cases, this setup is used on high-performance vehicles, and tire-rotation patterns need to be adjusted to suit. In fact, some of these staggered-tire packages, as they are called, cannot be rotated unless the tires are dismounted and then remounted on the opposite-side wheels. In some cases it may not be worth the time, money, or trouble to rotate the tires.

If you have any doubts about correct tire rotation, consult the owner's manual, inquire at a dealership, or talk to an expert who is familiar with your vehicle and its tires. But whatever you do, rotate them if possible. At the very least, it'll help your tires last longer and will save you money.

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Changing the wheels of a car. How often should tires be rotated?

Contents:

  • Why do I have to change the wheels on my car?
    • Wheel rotation helps maintain and improve your vehicle's handling and safety
    • Tire rotation promotes even tire wear so tires last longer
    • Tire manufacturers require tire rotation as a condition of maintaining their warranty
  • How much does it cost to rotate wheels?
  • Wheel rotation diagrams for different drives and tread patterns
    • Four wheel rotation diagram
    • Spare wheel rotation
    • Six wheel rotation diagram
    • Rotation of studded or winter wheels
    • One last note about tire rotation. ..

    Wheel rotation is like a physical exercise. Everyone knows to do it, but getting yourself to actually do it can be a challenge. While we can't really help you with fitness motivation, we have plenty of good reasons why you should swap tires every 5,000-13,000 miles.

    Why should I change the wheels on my car?

    Tire wear is inevitable when using a car. The location and extent of wear on a tire's contact patch depends on many factors, including the position of the tire on the vehicle. Keep in mind that each axle of a vehicle faces a different external force. For example, the front tires on a front wheel drive vehicle are regularly subjected to more intense stress than the rear tires. Thus, front tires on a front wheel drive vehicle typically experience accelerated wear compared to front tires on a rear or all wheel drive vehicle. Changing the wheels helps even out the wear on all four tires. If you leave the front tires uninterleaved on a front wheel drive car, they will wear out faster than the rears. Without a proper check, you will end up with two front tires almost or completely at their maximum tread wear, and two rear tires with life remaining.

    Tire rotation helps to avoid uneven wear

    As a result, you will have to replace some tires prematurely. In some cases, while some of your tires may technically retain their remaining life, it will no longer make sense to pair them with any new tires with unworn tread. So you have to throw away not only worn tires, but also tires with remaining service life!

    See also: Tire grip coefficient and factors affecting it

    Summarizing all of the above, we can list the main reasons for rearranging tires in places:

    Wheel rotation helps maintain and improve the handling and safety of your vehicle

    Tires are absolutely essential to the efficiency and safety of a vehicle. Keeping your tires in good condition with rotation and other simple maintenance will help keep them wearing evenly which directly affects your vehicle's stability, driving predictability and makes it easier to maneuver safely throughout the life of your tires. Tires in poor condition can cause the vehicle to vibrate.

    Remember: uneven tire wear can also affect the stability and handling of your vehicle. Swapping wheels is not only financially sensible, but it also helps to ensure the safety of your driving.

    Swapping tires will wear them evenly so they last longer

    If tires are not rotated and maintained properly, you will likely lose not just a few hundred miles of their life, but thousands. The life of a tire can literally be cut off in the middle if you do not follow the rules for their alternation and do not take other necessary measures for their maintenance.

    Tire manufacturers require tire rotation as a condition for warranty coverage

    Tire manufacturers know that rotation is essential to realizing their full tire life. Tire mileage guarantees are most often set by tire manufacturers based on tire rotation. So if you never rotate tires and experience premature tire wear as a result, the manufacturer is unlikely to honor your warranty. In other words, you'll be left on your own with a prematurely worn set of tires and a much more expensive replacement bill.

    See also: Inflating tires with nitrogen - the pros and cons. What does filling tires with nitrogen give?

    How much does it cost to change the wheels?

    The good news is it's inexpensive. That small investment comes back to you in the form of long tire life and sustained vehicle safety and performance. In the long run, the cost of periodic tire rotation will be only a fraction of the amount you have to spend on buying new tires due to premature tire wear. It is also not uncommon for tire shops to offer discounted tire rotation services for regular customers, or from time to time offer to do it for free. So contact the tire shop that installed your tires first - in some cases, your tire rotation costs may be zero.

    Helpful Hint: don't forget to label the wheels with the numbers and keep the tire rotation data and receipts. If you ever need to change tires under warranty, having these records will increase your chances of success.

    Wheel rotation charts for different drives and tread patterns

    Are you used to doing everything yourself? Then you can rearrange the tires. If you can safely lift the car and remove the wheels, you can change the tires in your garage or on your driveway. In addition to the rearrangement pattern, you need to consider whether your tires are directional or non-directional, symmetrical or asymmetrical, and whether the tire pattern is staggered or square. If you are not sure about at least one of these points, it is better to entrust the work to a professional. Also consider that it is a smart move to put your tires in the hands of a competent professional from time to time. Tire specialists monitor their potential problems, identify misalignment and other issues that can affect tire condition/wear and vehicle performance.

    Four wheel alignment diagram

    For non-directional tires of the same size, you can use the diagonal swap pattern or move the front tires to the rear diagonal corner and the rear tires forward on the same side.

    • "Rewards Cross" (scheme A) the scheme is used for rear and all-wheel drive vehicles, the front wheels are placed diagonally back, and the rear wheels are forward as they are;
    • "X-Pattern" (pattern B) is a universal pattern and can be applied to almost all cars, all wheels are reversed diagonally;
    • "Forward Cross" (chart C) pattern applies to front and all-wheel drive vehicles, mirror image of pattern A.
    Various tire rotation schemes for rear and four-wheel drive vehicles

    Also, due to the availability of modern tires, there is a need for 2 more rotation schemes:

    • "Front-to-Rear" (Plan D) this scheme can be used for cars with directional tires of the same size;
    • "Side-to-Side" (Diagram E) this scheme can be used for cars with non-directional tires whose size is different on the front and rear axles.
    Wheel shifting scheme for cars with directional and non-directional tires

    Most modern cars are equipped with "stowaways" - this is not a full-size spare wheel, designed to temporarily replace a full-fledged wheel in order to somehow get to the nearest tire service.

    If you have a full-size spare tire, it should also be included in the swap scheme.

    • "Forward Cross" (Pattern F) this scheme can be used for front wheel drive vehicles with a full size spare wheel;
    • "Rearward Cross" (diagram G) scheme for rear and all-wheel drive vehicles.

    tire shift diagram for 4WD and 4WD vehicles Vehicles with dual rear wheels and non-directional tires may use one of the following rotation patterns:

    • "Six Tire Rotation" (diagram H) diagram can be used for cars with non-directional tires of the same type and size;
    • "Six Tire Rotation" (Scheme I) If the vehicle has tires of a different type and/or size on the front and rear axles, they must use this scheme only.
    Rotation of six wheels with non-directional tires

    Rotation of studded or winter wheels

    Winter and studded tires also need to be rearranged so that they serve for a long time and behave adequately on the road. For winter wheels, the rearrangement should be done more often, about once every 6000 km or once a season, whichever comes first.

    Important: The direction of rotation for studded tires must never be reversed when changing!

    See also: How to properly store winter tires? Can tires be stored on the balcony?

    Video Tutorial: Complete Guide to Wheel Rotation

    One last note on tire rotation...

    Tire rotation helps maintain your vehicle's performance and safety, extends tire life, saves you money, and gives you a good reputation with the tire manufacturer should you ever have tire problems or warranty claims.

    Find out how to maintain your vehicle. For most vehicles, under normal driving conditions, the standard tire rotation interval is approximately every 8,000 to 13,000 km.

    Why swap tires? ➤ Answer and advice ⨷ ROSAVA

    Many people read about rearranging tires along the axles in old textbooks for drivers. But in modern operation, off-season tire changes are almost never found. Why rotate wheels today and when?

    Why change tires?

    Swapping tires and changing them between axles is designed to equalize the degree of wear of all tires and extend the life of your vehicle's wheels.

    • On modern front wheel drive machines, the front axle tires are heavily loaded. This is also due to more intensive braking of the front wheels (greater load on the front axle with each braking). It can also be caused by the probable slipping of the tires of the front axle during a sharp start from a place or starting off on a slope.
    • On RWD vehicles this wear is more even but also highly dependent on style and operating conditions.

    Therefore, it is recommended to change the tires periodically from the rear axle to the front axle and vice versa. Too often, this procedure is also not worth doing. It is enough for to rotate every 8-10 thousand km.


    If ​​you regularly operate the vehicle at full load and at high speeds, then with such an aggressive mode it is better to change shoes every 5-6 thousand km.

    For motorists who average 15-20 thousand km per year there is no need to change the position of tires in the middle of summer or winter. Just remember which tire was on the front and rear axles, and at the next seasonal change, install them with "offset" (swap the axles of their installation).

    In order not to forget the position, sign the old position on the side of the wheel with a special wax marker. Some tires also have special fields for this marking.

    If you notice that the tires begin to wear unevenly, the outer or inner side of the tread wears out faster, then is recommended to be replaced before . Also in parallel with this, you need to check the alignment.

    What must be considered when rotating the wheels?

    1. Tread pattern pattern. Many modern tires have a directional tread pattern. In order not to reduce the efficiency of the tire and not worsen the handling of the car, when rotating the wheels, it is recommended to carefully monitor the direction of the wheel rolling, which is marked on the sidewall of the tire with a special arrow.

    2. Balancing. When swapping wheels, it is recommended to check their balance and, if necessary, change the value of the weights. Unbalanced wheels wear out faster and negatively affect the resource of steering elements.

    3. Tire size. When changing tires along the axles, you need to remember that on some machines the width and height of the profile of the front and rear wheels may differ.

    Tires of various sizes are found on electric vehicles, compact city cars, and sports cars.

    What wheel change options are available?

    To change the tires along the axles, you can use the services of a tire fitting or a comprehensive car service. But in good weather, you can simply rearrange the wheels yourself, you just need to use a serviceable tool and perform all the operations correctly: install a jack, do not forget about the stops under the wheels, and so on.

    Tire rotation patterns

    There are several wheel rotation patterns. The most popular option is cross scheme , when the front left wheel becomes the rear right and vice versa, and the front right is set to the left rear and also vice versa.

    This circuit is universal, will fit vehicles with any type of drive .

    On machines with rear and all wheel drive , it is recommended to use a scheme in which the rear wheels become front diagonally , and the front wheels rear, but without changing sides.

    If your vehicle is fitted with directional tires, the only operating pattern for them is swapping front and rear wheels without changing sides .

    Of course, it is recommended to swap tires of different sizes only within the same axle.

    Also available with spare wheel included in the rotation scheme. As a rule, all options using five wheels are described in the vehicle manual. But remember that on most new cars, the role of a spare tire is performed by a narrow "reserve", on which both the maximum speed and mileage are significantly limited. In addition, often a spare tire, even on a car from a car dealership, is installed of a different brand and model than those in which the four main wheels are shod. Because changing wheels, taking into account the "reserve" requires accuracy .

    Rotation of truck wheels

    It is recommended to change truck tires every 40-45 thousand kilometers or in case of unequal or/and uneven tread wear. Rotation saves your changeover budget by wearing all tires evenly. This is especially important in cargo transportation, where the cost per kilometer (CPC) is taken into account.

    UPC = (Tire Cost + Maintenance - Carcass Price) ÷ Mileage (km).

    When planning, consider:

    • Assigning tires to a specific position.
    • Load of each individual vehicle axle.
    • Tire tread depth measurement .

    If we consider the load of the axles, then in the three-axle trailer the third axle experiences the greatest load , the second axle the smallest .


    Learn more